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posted by  lumme on 1/12/2009 8:00:02 PM  |  status: Closed  |  Earned Karma: 25

Elastic tension

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Question Details:
If the two wires in Fig. 9-52 are made of steel wire 1.0 mm in diameter, what is the percentage stretch of each because of the load? (Assume that θ1 = 54° and θ2 = 36°. The light has a mass of 48 kg.)
1wrong check mark% (left hand wire)
2wrong check mark% (right hand wire)


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Oracle
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posted by PhysicsPhanatic on 1/12/2009 11:53:48 PM  |  status: Live
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Response Details:
This example may help you.
Find the tension in the two wires supporting the traffic light shown in Fig. 9-52.

This is a force problem.  So let's go:
Vertical:
We have the weight of the light (30 kg)(9.8 N/kg) = 294 N down (-), and the vertical components of the tensions in the cords.  I will call the leftmost cord TL and the rightmost TR. The vertical component of TL is TLsin(53o), and of TR, TRsin(37o) and these are both upward (+) so our equilibrium looks like:
 TLsin(53o) + TRsin(37o) - 294 N= 0
Which is not solvable, as it has two unknowns.  So let's set up Horizontal.
In the x direction, we have the horizontal components of the two cords acting in the opposite directions.  The horizontal component of TL, TLcos(53o), acts to the left (-), and the horizontal component of TR, TRcos(37o) acts to the right (+) so we have
TRcos(37o) - TLcos(53o) = 0

Which means that 
TR = TLcos(53o)/cos(37o)

Popping this into our first equation, we get:
TLsin(53o) + TRsin(37o) - 294 N= 0
TLsin(53o) +
{TLcos(53o)/cos(37o)}sin(37o) - 294 = 0
So
TLsin(53o) +
TLcos(53o)tan(37o) = 294 N
TL
(sin(53o) + cos(53o)tan(37o)) = 294 N
TL = (294 N)/
(sin(53o) + cos(53o)tan(37o)) = 234.79884 N = 230 N (the book says 240??)
And since
TR = TLcos(53o)/cos(37o)
TR = (234.79884 N)cos(53o)/cos(37o) = 176.9336 N = 180 N

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