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posted by  KevinCorporation on 11/4/2009 7:14:52 PM  |  status: Live  |  Earned Karma: 10

Physics, centripetal forces, and frictionless roller coasters

Course Textbook Chapter Problem Needs by
Algebra Based Physics College Physics (6th) by Serway, Faughn 7 59AP 11/5/2009 at 5:15:00 PM
Question Details:
A frictionless roller coaster is given an initial velocity of v0 at height h, as in the Figure. The radius of the curvature of the track at point A is R. (a) Find the maximum value of v0 so that the roller coaster stays on the track at A solely because of gravity. (b) Using the value of v0 calculated in (a), determine the value of h\' that is necessary if the roller coaster just makes it to point B.

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posted by john_r on 11/4/2009 7:18:55 PM  |  status: Live
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Response Details:

 
(a)

  from the given problem we can see that at point A the weight of the coaster must be just large
   enough to supply the centripetal acceleration
   so we get
   m (vA2 / R) = m g
   vA2 = R g
   so applying the conservation of mechanical energy from the start point A we get
   (1 / 2) m vo2 + m g h = (1 / 2) m vA2 + m g (2 h / 3)
   vo2 = vA2 - (2 g h / 3)
   so by using vA2 = R g
   the car barely stays on the track at A gives
   vo = √[R g - (2 g h / 3)]
(b)
   if the speed of the coaster is to be zero at point B conservation of mechanical energy from the
   start to point B gives
   0 + m g h' = (1 / 2) m vo2 + m g h
                   = (1 / 2) m {g [R - (2 h / 3)]} + m g h
   h' = (R / 2) + (2 h / 3)

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